William Shakespeares Antony and Cleopatra Essay -- Shakespeare Antony

William Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra â€Å"The triple pillar of the world transformed/Into a strumpet’s fool. Behold and see† (I.1.12). â€Å"I have eyes upon him† (III.6.61). Shakespeare’s Antony invites speculation and a greedy voyerism that can only be instigated by a protagonist who, despite perpetually being at the centre of discussion, manages to elude classification.This impression of opacity of character is enhanced by the fact that his own idea of himself and of his uncontrollable infatuation with Cleopatra is constantly mutating. Antony oscillates between wishing â€Å"Would I had never seen [Cleopatra]† (I.2.253), and admitting â€Å"I’th’East my pleasure lies† (II.3.41). One moment he wails â€Å"I have fled myself [...] I have lost command† (III.11.7, 23), the next he reassures himself with a mantra-like repetitiveness, â€Å"There’s hope in’t yet [...] There’s sap in’t yet† (III.13.175, 191). When the protagonist himself is never static, when the other characters define him in accordance to their own agendas or morbid curiosity, there is very little for the audience to hold onto in the way of tangible evidence of one mental state as opposed to another. â€Å"This common body, like to a vagabond flag upon the stream,/Goes to and back, lackeying the varying tide,/To rot itself with motion† (I.4.44) Caesar says this about the tendency of the masses to wish for the ruler who isn’t in power or is seen less, and then when he does come into the limelight, to lose interest and want someone else. But taken out of context, these lines are a disturbingly appropriate depiction of Antony’s state throughout the play. For he is discussed and prodded as if he were common property, and shifts continuously between du... ...ity and littleness, an admission of his own weaknesses. The vagueness of â€Å"Sometimes we see a cloud that’s dragonish,/A vapour sometime like a bear or lion, [...] That which is now a horse, even with a thought/The rack dislimns, and makes it indistinct/As water is in water† is juxtaposed against the profoundly personal, intrspective lines â€Å"Here I am Antony,/Yet cannot hold this visible shape† (IV.14.3-22). The result is the feeling that whether he has fallen or not, whether the Roman way is better than the Egyptian, whether the â€Å"old Antony† is a myth, his own self-disgust and deflated sense of self remains. Perhaps that is the closest we can expect to get to the real Antony: the one he reveals when in the throes of self-doubt. Perhaps that is all we deserve to uncover: for as Dante’s Virgil would say, â€Å"the desire to hear [others’ dispute] is a base desire† (xxx.148).

Remember the Titans

Remember the Titans Directed by Boaz Yakin, Remember the Titans explores racism in the community of Alexandria and the struggles of dealing with an integrated society, school and football team. Remember the Titans makes evident that ultimately the community of Alexandria are the real winners after the Titans gain victory at the Championship and the public learn to accept the opposite race and treat them with newfound respect. The creation of friendships, their attitudes towards each other and realising opportunities are all positives that came from the gradual acceptance of change.Characters in the film form friendships within the community whether they’re African-American or Caucasian, subsequently to the good example set by the Titans’ Championship team. This is seen through Julius Campbell and Gerry Bertier when they are placed in a room together on football camp causing agitation between the two. Julius and Gerry first meet when they are seated together on the bus a nd Coach Boone announces â€Å"the person I have you sitting next to is the same one that you’ll be rooming with for the duration of this camp†.The two characters show their hate for each other in many ways, the first being on the bus Julius tells Gerry he â€Å"can shut-up†, causing more conflict between the two. Together with the encounter over a poster in their room, it’s clear the two are far from friends. Although as the team starts pulling together and begin to win their games of football this changes dramatically. Gerry listens to Julius and lectures one of the team members, Gerry’s best friend about his terrible blocking for one of the African-American players.This results in Julius and Gerry shouting â€Å"left-side† â€Å"strong side† at each other, being the start of a close friendship and unity. This great friendship develops over time and they soon become so close they call each other â€Å"brother[s]† and Gerry in vites Julius over to meet his â€Å"mama† which is a big deal, considering at the start of their friendship Gerry’s mum didn’t agree with it. Sheryl and Nicky become friends after the Titans work as an integrated team and they gradually grow to have similar interests instead of being totally opposed to spending time with each other.In the beginning of the film the two girls were totally different, Sheryl not putting in any effort to â€Å"play dolls† or Nicky refusing to play basketball because she â€Å"just did [her] nails†. Ultimately they get excited with each other about the Titans winning streak and celebrate by hugging and jumping around together. This shows friendship formed because of the Titans and the team’s victory. The success of the Titans is a positive reflection on the relationships formed within the team, where their cohesion allows the rest of the Alexandria community to see the benefits of amalgamation and inter-racial res pect.Conclusively the whole town of Alexandria benefitted and were the winners after all, due to the Titans helping form friendships. In the film, Remember the Titans the town of Alexandria was disadvantaged by being segregated, where not only were the people in the community missing out on friendships opportunities, but also business and team opportunities. They were missing out on a different, more helpful and compassionate way of life. An example of this is the business that turns away Petey and Blue to eat there because they’re African-American.The diner misses out on a sale not only then, but from all the other hundred or more Negro people that would purchase food there if they were accepted. But instead they were told â€Å"to head out back and pick it up from there† as if having a person with a different appearance in their diner would affect business sales. â€Å"in Virginia, high school football is a way of life,† and throughout Remember the Titans the team are significant social leaders, to both races; black and white.Especially after the Titans win the Championship, the audience sees Alexandria realise that their people are all the same, and finally start to treat each other with some respect. â€Å"You taught his city how to trust the soul of a man, rather than the look of him†¦Ã¢â‚¬  If Alexandria was still segregated the friendships wouldn’t be the same: the Titans might not have won the Championship game, Coach Yoast could have received a place in the â€Å"Hall of Fame†, Gerry wouldn’t have had the car accident, they wouldn’t have accepted change, and they would still be as close minded, biased and prejudiced as they were the year before the game.The town showed a real change after the Titans won the Northern Regional Championship Game, all the people of the town whether they were black or white were there to cheer and congratulate the team on their victory. This was a huge change in the a ttitudes of the township. Although the change was hard, the town is better of being integrated due to the transformation after the win thanks to the Titans. It is the tragedies and mistakes within Remember the Titans that cause the community of Alexandria to learn and develop in order to ultimately benefit from the example of the Titans.Even though the town eventually advanced greatly from the example set by the Titans not everybody in the film was a ‘winner’. Ray Budds was part of the Titans, but as the team advanced in their acceptance Ray did not change in the way he felt about integration. Eventually he was removed from the team by the person who used to be his best friend, Gerry, after he â€Å"missed the block on purpose†. This consequence for Ray helps the team move forward together after gaining more unity and helping each other more, with no negative relationships in the team.Coach Yoast also had to sacrifice something to help the Titans; willingly Yoast gives up his spot in the â€Å"Hall of Fame† so that the team can fairly win one of the games of football they play. Even though he had worked extremely hard for that spot, he realised that it was not right to let the other team cheat on his behalf to acquire the Hall of Fame place. Coach Yoast understood that the people choosing the recipient were a â€Å"bunch of rednecks† and that himself and his daughter Sheryl would work just as hard to be the receiver of the Hall of Fame place next year, once the judgemental people realised he was a worthy recipient.Ultimately the town and the people in the town had to sacrifice some important things in their lives after they realised it was the right thing to do, making the town of Alexandria a better, happier, integrated town. Throughout Boaz Yakin’s Remember the Titans people change, to overall make the town of Alexandria a better place to live and work. No matter what race, people in Alexandria are accepted. Being abl e to accept something different is a difficult task and the Titans set the example and helped Alexandria as a whole to be winners. Remember the Titans Sherry Holloway Analysis Essay Remember the Titans Based on actual events that took place in 1971, this movie is about the racial and social tensions of the South. Alexandria, Virginia is a community torn apart by racial hatred and the order to integrate their public high schools. Reluctantly, the school board replaces Bill Yoast (Will Patton), the popular white coach, with Herman Boone (Denzel Washington), a reputable black coach, as head coach of the T. C. Williams Titans football team. Yoast, under an invitation from Boone, accepts the position as coach of the defensive line.Together they inspire, not just the team, but the town to â€Å"Trust the soul of a man rather than the look of him. † This is a brilliant movie that not only entertains, but teaches a life changing lessons. Remember the Titans shows its viewers to look further than a person’s outward appearance and look at a person’s soul. Racism and football is the backdrop for the clash of leadership st yles and personal perspectives that each man must learn and understand in order to become a winning team.Furthermore, this movie goes beyond the lesson of racism, it also teaches unity, trust, loyalty, and integrity. First, while they are at football camp the racial tensions come to a head and cause an outpour of hatred as the coaches integrate the all-white team with the all-black team. It’s not until one white player is partnered with one black player and forced to find out personal information do they start to realize they are all somewhat the same on the inside. Another lesson that came out in this part of the film is that not all prejudices occur between different ethnic groups.Ronnie Bass (Kip Pardue) arrives at football camp, with long blonde hair, just having moved from California. The team quickly nicknames him â€Å"Sunshine† because they assume that since he is from California and has long hair, he must be gay. Next, unity is brought to light when the captai n of the all-white team, Gerry Bertier (Ryan Hurt) confronts the captain of the all-black team, Julius Campbell (Wood Harris) about his team playing as individuals and not a team. Things start to turn around when Julius tells Gerry â€Å"Actions eflect leadership, captain†, that’s when Gerry realizes he is not being a good leader and letting the team down. Additionally, when the team gets back from camp they quickly realize the town does not share their newly unified team loyalty and some of the team members start to regress and lose their trust in unity. Once the team rallies and shows the town that they are working together and are loyal regardless of skin color most of the town follows the lead of the football team and accepts the new coach and team members.Unfortunately, not all the town is so accepting and some try to sabotage a football game, with the officiating, to cause the team to lose. Coach Yoast sees what is happening and stops it, showing his loyalty is t o the team and not the school board. Finally, the team is losing in the State Championship and Coach Yoast is still letting his pride stand in the way of asking Coach Boone for help with the defensive line.It takes Coach Yoast’s nine year old daughter, Sheryl (Hayden Panettiere), encouraging him to trust a man’s soul rather than his looks to finally unite the two coaches. All in all, Remember the Titans shows how reverence is a stern antidote for racial hatred and bigotry. The sport of football became a workshop for teaching the young and old about racial harmony, trust, and loyalty. People said that it could not work, black and white, but the Titans made it work every day. Remember the Titans Remember the Titans Directed by Boaz Yakin, Remember the Titans explores racism in the community of Alexandria and the struggles of dealing with an integrated society, school and football team. Remember the Titans makes evident that ultimately the community of Alexandria are the real winners after the Titans gain victory at the Championship and the public learn to accept the opposite race and treat them with newfound respect. The creation of friendships, their attitudes towards each other and realising opportunities are all positives that came from the gradual acceptance of change.Characters in the film form friendships within the community whether they’re African-American or Caucasian, subsequently to the good example set by the Titans’ Championship team. This is seen through Julius Campbell and Gerry Bertier when they are placed in a room together on football camp causing agitation between the two. Julius and Gerry first meet when they are seated together on the bus a nd Coach Boone announces â€Å"the person I have you sitting next to is the same one that you’ll be rooming with for the duration of this camp†.The two characters show their hate for each other in many ways, the first being on the bus Julius tells Gerry he â€Å"can shut-up†, causing more conflict between the two. Together with the encounter over a poster in their room, it’s clear the two are far from friends. Although as the team starts pulling together and begin to win their games of football this changes dramatically. Gerry listens to Julius and lectures one of the team members, Gerry’s best friend about his terrible blocking for one of the African-American players.This results in Julius and Gerry shouting â€Å"left-side† â€Å"strong side† at each other, being the start of a close friendship and unity. This great friendship develops over time and they soon become so close they call each other â€Å"brother[s]† and Gerry in vites Julius over to meet his â€Å"mama† which is a big deal, considering at the start of their friendship Gerry’s mum didn’t agree with it. Sheryl and Nicky become friends after the Titans work as an integrated team and they gradually grow to have similar interests instead of being totally opposed to spending time with each other.In the beginning of the film the two girls were totally different, Sheryl not putting in any effort to â€Å"play dolls† or Nicky refusing to play basketball because she â€Å"just did [her] nails†. Ultimately they get excited with each other about the Titans winning streak and celebrate by hugging and jumping around together. This shows friendship formed because of the Titans and the team’s victory. The success of the Titans is a positive reflection on the relationships formed within the team, where their cohesion allows the rest of the Alexandria community to see the benefits of amalgamation and inter-racial res pect.Conclusively the whole town of Alexandria benefitted and were the winners after all, due to the Titans helping form friendships. In the film, Remember the Titans the town of Alexandria was disadvantaged by being segregated, where not only were the people in the community missing out on friendships opportunities, but also business and team opportunities. They were missing out on a different, more helpful and compassionate way of life. An example of this is the business that turns away Petey and Blue to eat there because they’re African-American.The diner misses out on a sale not only then, but from all the other hundred or more Negro people that would purchase food there if they were accepted. But instead they were told â€Å"to head out back and pick it up from there† as if having a person with a different appearance in their diner would affect business sales. â€Å"in Virginia, high school football is a way of life,† and throughout Remember the Titans the team are significant social leaders, to both races; black and white.Especially after the Titans win the Championship, the audience sees Alexandria realise that their people are all the same, and finally start to treat each other with some respect. â€Å"You taught his city how to trust the soul of a man, rather than the look of him†¦Ã¢â‚¬  If Alexandria was still segregated the friendships wouldn’t be the same: the Titans might not have won the Championship game, Coach Yoast could have received a place in the â€Å"Hall of Fame†, Gerry wouldn’t have had the car accident, they wouldn’t have accepted change, and they would still be as close minded, biased and prejudiced as they were the year before the game.The town showed a real change after the Titans won the Northern Regional Championship Game, all the people of the town whether they were black or white were there to cheer and congratulate the team on their victory. This was a huge change in the a ttitudes of the township. Although the change was hard, the town is better of being integrated due to the transformation after the win thanks to the Titans. It is the tragedies and mistakes within Remember the Titans that cause the community of Alexandria to learn and develop in order to ultimately benefit from the example of the Titans.Even though the town eventually advanced greatly from the example set by the Titans not everybody in the film was a ‘winner’. Ray Budds was part of the Titans, but as the team advanced in their acceptance Ray did not change in the way he felt about integration. Eventually he was removed from the team by the person who used to be his best friend, Gerry, after he â€Å"missed the block on purpose†. This consequence for Ray helps the team move forward together after gaining more unity and helping each other more, with no negative relationships in the team.Coach Yoast also had to sacrifice something to help the Titans; willingly Yoast gives up his spot in the â€Å"Hall of Fame† so that the team can fairly win one of the games of football they play. Even though he had worked extremely hard for that spot, he realised that it was not right to let the other team cheat on his behalf to acquire the Hall of Fame place. Coach Yoast understood that the people choosing the recipient were a â€Å"bunch of rednecks† and that himself and his daughter Sheryl would work just as hard to be the receiver of the Hall of Fame place next year, once the judgemental people realised he was a worthy recipient.Ultimately the town and the people in the town had to sacrifice some important things in their lives after they realised it was the right thing to do, making the town of Alexandria a better, happier, integrated town. Throughout Boaz Yakin’s Remember the Titans people change, to overall make the town of Alexandria a better place to live and work. No matter what race, people in Alexandria are accepted. Being abl e to accept something different is a difficult task and the Titans set the example and helped Alexandria as a whole to be winners.

Human Resources Management Research Paper And Defense Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2249 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Introduction During this research paper you are going to learn the definition of human resource management. What the differences or similarities are to be pointed out between different approaches and which are the advantages or disadvantages of either. In our days human resources has become an essential point in the organizational structure than rather a bureaucratic act, were salaries are being prepared and employee documents are stored. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Human Resources Management Research Paper And Defense Business Essay" essay for you Create order Only a few decades ago, labor was seen as a rational cost factor. The employee/company relation also was completely different, as employees were more loyal and stayed basically for their whole life in one company. In these days everything is getting global and employee loyalty is mostly correlated directly with the salary one employer is willing to pay. Typically employees change for wages, for more responsibilities or higher positions, better working environment, social benefits, company extras such as free meals, massages etc. Not only have companies realized that a substantial value lies in the human resource, but it can even gain more value and is therefore also going to increase the companies or organizations value. Therefore they are trying to compete with the other organizations not only for better products, market share, profits etc. but especially for highly qualified workers that preferably are loyal to the company and would stay longer. Definition Human Resource Management is the organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training. There are two approaches in human resources which can be also called as soft or hard approach. The hard approach is the economically rational process to approach human resources management. It focuses on lowest possible labor costs and maximized control. It is quantitative and calculative and labor is seen as a commodity or resource. The soft approach is a more humanistic version. Employees are also seen as a commodity or resource, but they may be developed. In this approach it is essential to say that you as a company or organization have much more trust in your employees. The line managers or the lower and middle management have direct responsibility in ensuring quality of production and guiding employees. The definition of Management is: It comprises planning, organizing, resourcing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization. Management goes beyond the organizations internal operations to include the industry and the general environment. The key is on issues related to environmental scanning and industry analysis, appraisal of current and future competitors, assessment of core competencies, strategic control and the effective allocation of organizational resources. Differences and similarities In human resources management it is basically the same. Organizing and planning the staff, leading them, directing them accordingly to the corporate strategy etc. Human resources management has four key dimensions which consist of commitment, quality, flexibility and integration. Commitment is sought in the sense that employees are expected to identify closely with the interests of the organization and to go beyond just following management decisions, but identifying with the goals of the company or organization and behave accordingly. Flexibility is the staffs will and ability to change in regards of flexible organization structure. The quality of the staff is important in order to reach the set goals. Finally, integration refers to how the human resources management fits in to the business strategy. Integration also means that line managers are fully involved in the management of their staff. Line managers are typically reporting to the higher management and lead employees and wo rk groups that do not have any direct decision making responsibilities. Line managers usually have tasks like: People management Managing costs Work allocation and monitoring Quality control In order to apply human resource management you would basically follow a long term strategy and look at the staff as a resource to be used, rather than only a cost factor. Also you would look at the staff as most valuable asset of a company. The Definition of Human resource management (HRM, as defined by Bratton, J. Gold, J. (2003), is: A strategic approach to managing employment relations which emphasizes that leveraging peoples capabilities is critical to achieving sustainable competitive advantage, this being achieved through a distinctive set of integrated employment policies, programmes and practices. Personnel management however is a more traditional approach. It is an administrative record-keeping function. Personnel management tends to give importance to norms, cust oms and established practices, where HRM gives importance to values and mission. In PM employee satisfaction is the key to keeping employees motivated and institute compensation, bonuses, rewards, and work simplification initiatives as possible motivators. In HRM improved performance is the driver of employee satisfaction and devises strategies such as work challenges, team work and creativity to improve motivation. Another difference between these two methods is that personnel management usually is reacting and human resource management has a more pro-active approach. This means if a problem should occur, in personnel management you apply a solution that already has shown its usefulness. In human resource management you would look at each problem on an individual basis and try to find a separate solution for it. Directly compared you can also say that personnel management is short term oriented, they trust their employees less and apply external control of their employees, it is bureaucratic and prefers the employees to just comply than think by their own. If you apply this method you can do this for lower qualified employees and work that does not involve several skills. The short term, because of the high employee fluctuation due to the low responsibility that the employees have. They probably get bored much faster as such work would be highly standardized and they basically do not contribute their own ideas to the work. Off course there are also some similarities between these two approaches, like the human resources manager or the personnel manager is recruiting the staff. Both value the interests of the organization or company. Both want to work more cost effective. The approaches as mentioned before are just different. From the shift of personnel management to strategic human resource management, it can be argued that many improvements within firms occurred. First, as recruiting and training approaches were modified to fit each new situation , the firms became significantly better at adapting to the constantly evolving environment, and to the workplace diversity. By adapting to the workplaces need, employees felt that they were more valued and this would have led to a higher job satisfaction. The importance of this is that financial success is strongly correlated with employee fulfillment. Another result of employees feeling more valued in a firm would increase their motivation to work efficiently. As (Van Marrewijk, M. Timmers, J., 2003) states that: Motivated personnel have a phenomenally higher productivity than employees who have mental dismissal. So employee satisfaction and job motivation are two internal sources of competitive advantage. Some examples of human resource strategies in corporations: Shangri la If you have the right attitude, anything is possible at Shangri-La. We invest heavily in training, and offer a variety of programs for all levels, as well as our own training school, the Shangri-La Academy. Our aim is always to keep and reward the very best. So each year we fill most of the companys management positions via internal promotions and transfers and, with over 50 projects in development around the world, the opportunities are endless. McDonalds We believe the words Welcome to McDonalds should apply to our employees just as much as our customers. Were proud of our food, and were just as proud of the jobs we create. Maybe its a way to buy that first car. It could be a way to support yourself in college. Or it might be the way you enter the corporate world. Whatever youre looking for, McDonalds can help you make your own way, with challenging careers, quality benefits and the best opportunities around. Flexible Schedules We believe in flexible schedules that fit into the way you live your life and can help you reach your goals. Well also give you the mentorship and guidance you need to succeed. Empowering You We believe in giving you the tools you need to succeed, whether its the chance to own your own restaurant or tackle the corporate ladder. To be the best company we can, we have to offer the best opportunities, and wed like to believe that some of the best ones around are right here. Nestlà © The long-term success of the Company depends on its capacity to attract, retain and develop employees able to ensure its growth on a continuing basis. This is a primary responsibility for all managers. The Nestlà © policy is to hire staff with personal attitudes and professional skills enabling them to develop a long-term relationship with the Company. Therefore the potential for professional development is an essential standard for recruitment. Each new member joining Nestlà © is to become a participant in developing a sustainable quality culture which implies a commitment to the organization and a sense for continuous improvement leaving no room for complacency. Therefore, and in view of the importance of these Nestlà © values, special attention will be paid to the matching between a candidates values and the Company culture. By managing human resources effectively and efficiently, employees will be satisfied and motivated thus enabling them to perform their dut ies to the best of their abilities. It will also help an organization to improve its performance and increase success. Effective human resource management encourage talent retention by making employees work meaningful and providing them with career satisfaction. The implementation of HRM in an organization enables employees to develop their personal and organizational skills, knowledge, and abilities consequently increasing their market value. HRM also looks into the welfare and safety of the employees. This does not only is a big plus for the employees, if you have more skilled and knowledgeable workers there likely going to perform better. HRM must work to ensure that the working environment is safe and healthy; caring for employees well-being has a major effect on their commitment. HRM must also realize that any problem an employee faces in his or her personal life will ultimately be brought into the workplace. Influences from economy, social or emotional life can cause good o r bad performance. Employee assistance programs, such as programs that help individuals deal with stressful life situations, are needed. Such programs provide many benefits to the organization while simultaneously helping the affected employee. In addition to protecting an employees welfare, it is necessary to HRM to operate appropriate Communication Programs in the organization. Included in such programs is the ability for employees to know what is occurring around them and to prevent frustrations. Employee relations programs should be designed to ensure that employees are kept well informed and to create an environment where employees voices are heard, if time and effort are expended in this phase. From the above information, one can imagine how important Human Resource management is for any organization. An organization is a compilation of people. The life of the organization is its employees and the management of these employees in an effective manner becomes extremely imp ortant for an organization. Conclusion It is important to note that strategy involves more than developing strategies for the whole organization to use as part of a business plan. The strategic human resource function also concentrates on the internal department planning and aims to always improve the human resources management side and adapting it to the current issues. Strategic human resource management therefore also focuses on how it should be readjusted to adapt, who else should be involved and what the issues are. In summary, it can be concluded that both methods of management contain strengths and weaknesses, and therefore both of them are not perfect. However, by evaluating each option, strategic human resource management has proven to be the better way to gain competitive advantage by using a companys argued most important resource: its people. The best advantage for firms that only use the traditional methods of personnel management instead of strategic human resource management is the cost saving. Instead on spending a lot of time analyzing each situation and trying to satisfy each employees needs, it uses a model that was proven to already work for a previous situation. Also it can be argued that it is safer than strategic human resource management. If a situation arises, instead of trying to find a strategy that could work, they use a previous technique which has definitely worked in the past. This means that from the past success of that technique there would be less risk not functioning. Human Resource management forms an integral part in the proper functioning of an organization. As the environment becomes more global, management of people has become more challenging, more unpredictable and more subject to fast change and surprises. In the long run or especially for the future the more modern human resource management form might be more effective, as in our days employees do not have a lifetime commitment to one company anymore. As stated above and shown in the examples, emp loyees feel better in an environment where they can contribute ideas themselves, where they have space for personal development. Not only in business life, but also in their social and private life. All these points are covered by human resource management. Therefore we conclude this is the more favorable way to manage the human resource in an organization.

Essay on Account For the Success of the Bolsheviks in...

Account For the Success of the Bolsheviks in October 1917 At the beginning of 1917 most of the Bolsheviks were in exile but by the end of 1917 the Bolshevik party had not only consolidated control of Moscow and Petrograd, but they were also advancing on the rest of the country. This success was due to several linked factors; the Bolshevik policy of non-cooperation, weakness of the Provisional Government, division of alternative opposition, Lenins leadership skills, the power of the Petrograd Soviet and Trotsky as its leader, failure on deliver of land reform and the oppressed, armed workers in Petrograd. Bolshevik success is dictated by whether they met their aims; these included the†¦show more content†¦Although, we must remember, that Lenin had incorrectly pushed for an unsuccessful revolution in July. Lenin is famed to have said, History will not forgive us if we do not assume power, Lenin chose, successfully, when to seize power. The Weaknesses of the Provisional Government were as much, if not more to blame than the successes of the Bolsheviks for the Socialist Revolution. The Provisional Government was delicate by its very nature, it was not democratically elected, it was illegitimate, and had no mandate to rule. Why should opposition groups recognise such a government? The Bolsheviks were careful not to affiliate itself with the Provisional Government because it wanted to disassociate itself from governments many failed policies and it also wanted to remain a small, hardcore, tightly knit net of ardent Marxists, without any Bourgeois influences. The Provisional Governments failed policies stemmed from its weak, fragmented coalition. The Octoberists were on the centre right as they agreed with the Tsars October Manifesto, which had ended the 1905 Revolution. The Cadets (Constitutional Democrats) were the moderate, liberals of the centre of the political spectrum. On theShow MoreRelatedThe Bolshevik Revol ution of October 1917-Essay Review1428 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1917, in the midst of the Great War, Russia faced one of the biggest political shifts that the Tsarist-ruled country had ever known-the Bolshevik Revolution. There are two significant time frames associated with the Bolshevik Revolution. In the February revolution Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a Provisional Government took control. In the October revolution the Bolsheviks took power by overthrowing the Provisional Government. How did the October revolution become a reality? WhatRead MoreThe Success of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in October 19171822 Words   |  8 PagesThe Success of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in October 1917 The Bolshevik seizure of power or coup de’tat of October 25th, 1917 was a culmination of both internal and external failure to satisfy the needs of an oppressed Russian society. 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Bonk, By Mary Roach, Is Essentially A Collection Of Stories,

Bonk, by Mary Roach, is essentially a collection of stories, histories, and studies of human sexuality and sex research. Mary Roach talks about the barriers to sex research in the 19th and 20th centuries and the stigma that came along with it. Unfortunately, much of these barriers and stigmatizations still exist, even in a day and age where sex is sold on every street corner through commercial advertisements. It seems that no matter how academic the study, the assumption of the motives behind one researching sex is perversion. Mary Roach, who researches the fascinating avenues of sex, expresses tremendous respect for those brave enough to put their reputations, future, and bank accounts on the line to pioneer the socially risky science of†¦show more content†¦Courage was not optional for the sexologist, it was necessary. No matter how tame the research sounded, it was always pushing the limits on the socially acceptable, and often ignored the limits all together. It is clear to see how social values have influenced research on sexuality in the past. Not only did society dictate what was right and proper for a scientist to study, but it condemned those who sought answers for the â€Å"improper† areas of study to career damnation. Even more discouraging is the way in which modern day society still puts limits on the research done in sexual physiology. In an era so tolerant and open-minded, one would assume that any researcher in honest quest for truth would be welcomed (and funded) with open arms. Unfortunately, this is not the case. In an article titled Long After Kinsey, Only the Brave Study Sex, Benedict Carey describes such limits on a study attempted in 2003, â€Å"In July 2003, for instance, Congress threatened to shut down several highly-regarded sex studies, including one of emotion and arousal, and another of massage parlor workers. And last summer health officials refused to finance a widely anticipated

Sentence Coherence Free Essays

Coherence means the quality of sticking together. a sentence has coherence when the sentence elements are so arranged as to show their relationship. Clarity in the sentence depends largely on proper word order A. We will write a custom essay sample on Sentence Coherence or any similar topic only for you Order Now Achieving coherence through proper placement of modifiers A modifier is a word, phrase, or clause that describes, strengthens, or clarifies another word (or group of words) in a sentence. When a modifier is placed in its proper position in a sentence, a sense of clarity is established for the reader. Example: Confusion: He barely kicked that ball twenty yards. Repair Work: He kicked that ball barely twenty yards. The issue of the proper placement of â€Å"only† has long been argued among grammarians. Many careful writers will insist that â€Å"only† be placed immediately before the word or phrase it modifies. Thus â€Å"I only gave him three dollars† would be rewritten as â€Å"I gave him only three dollars. † Some grammarians, however, have argued that such precision is not really necessary, that there is no danger of misreading â€Å"I only gave him three dollars† and that â€Å"only† can safely and naturally be placed between the subject and the verb. The argument has been going on for two hundred years. Other examples: (boardwork) 1. Mother loves the bungalow which she inherited from her grandfather. (Spanish- style, maternal) 2. The bride walked down the aisle on the arm of her father. (slowly) A. 1. Avoiding Misplaced modifiers Misplaced modifiers-a word, phrase, or clause that is improperly separated from the word it modifies How to correct a misplaced modifier: Place the modifier close to the word it modifies Error: I brought the dress from that store that I really wanted. Correction: I brought the dress that I really wanted from that store. A. 2. Avoiding Squinting Modifiers Squinting Modifiers -a phrase or clause that seems to modify two words at a time Example: Students who miss classes frequently fail the course. We can’t tell which part of the sentence the word frequently is supposed to modify. Look at these two possible meanings: Students who miss class frequently or frequently fail the course. Correct a squinting modifier error by repositioning the modifier to place it next to the word it modifies. Example 2: Cycling up hills quickly strengthens your quadriceps. (In this example, the word â€Å"quickly† is a squinting modifier. It is not clear whether â€Å"quickly† pertains to â€Å"Cycling up hills† or â€Å"strengthens†. B. Achieving coherence by Avoiding Dangling Modifiers Dangling modifiers- It is a phrase or clause that is not clearly and logically related to the word or words it modifies How to correct a Dangling Modifier 1. Change the main clause of the sentence so that it begins with the word actually mod ified Example 1. Changing the oil every 3,000 miles, the car seemed to run better. Correction: Changing the oil every 3,000 miles, Fred found he could get much better gas mileage. Example 2: To keep the young recruits interested in getting in shape, an exercise program was set up for the summer months. Correction:To keep the young recruits interested in getting in shape, the coaching staff set up an exercise program for the summer months. 2. Change the dangling modifier phrase to a subordinate clause, creating a subject and a verb Example 1: Raised in Nova Scotia, it is natural to miss the smell of the sea. Correction For a person raised in Nova Scotia, it is natural to miss the smell of the sea. The introductory phrase in the above sentence looks as if it is meant to modify a person or persons, but no one is mentioned in the sentence. Such introductory adjective phrases, because of their position, automatically modify the first noun or pronoun that follows the phrase — in this case, â€Å"it. † The connection in this case is illogical because â€Å"it† was not raised in Nova Scotia. You could revise the sentence in a number of ways: In correction: (the phrase functions as an adjective but now automatically modifies â€Å"I,† a logical connection) Example 2: Although nearly finished, we left the play early because we were worried about our sick cat. Correction: Although the play was nearly finished, we left early because we were worried about our sick cat. A dangling modifier can also appear when you place an elliptical clause improperly: Although nearly finished, we left the play early because we were worried about our sick cat. The way this sentence is structured, the clause â€Å"Although nearly finished† illogically modifies â€Å"we,† the pronoun directly following the clause. An easy way to rectify the problem is to re-insert the subject and verb that are understood in the elliptical clause: Although the play was nearly finished, we left early because we were worried about our sick cat. C. Achieving Coherence by Clear Reference of pronouns A pronoun refers to or replaces a noun, a noun phrase, or a pronoun already mentioned. The word the pronoun replaces is known as the pronoun’s antecedent. A pronoun should always refer to a clear and definite antecedent. C. 1. Wrong reference Make sure that a pronoun refers to a specific noun, not a possessive noun or a noun within a prepositional phrase. | Faulty | In George Orwell’s essay â€Å"Shooting an Elephant, † he reports an incident that shows the evil effects of imperialism. [The pronoun he cannot refer to the possessive noun Orwell’s. ] | Revised | In his essay â€Å"Shooting an Elephant,† George Orwell reports an incident that shows the evil effects of imperialism. [The possessive pronoun his can refer to the subject noun Orwell. ]| Avoid using a pronoun such as they or it without an explicit antecedent. | Faulty | When Rivera applied for a resident alien card, they put him through many bureaucratic procedures. [The sentence does not ha ve a clear antecedent for the pronoun they. ] | | Revised | When Rivera applied for a resident alien card, government officials put him through many manybureaucratic procedures. Before government officials issued Rivera a resident alien card, they put him through many bureaucratic procedures. | C. 2 Ambiguous References Your readers should never be left wondering which this, they, or it is being discussed. Faulty | My husband told my father that he should choose the baby’s name. [Does he refer to husband or to father ? ] | Revised | My husband told my father to choose the baby’s name. My husband wanted to choose the baby’s name and told my father so. | Example 2:Ted told Hanz that he was hungry. Ted told Hanz that the former was hungry or Ted told Hanz, † I am hungry. † Example 3: Sylvia told her mother, â€Å"I need a new wardrobe. † Sylvia told her mother that she needed a new wardrobe C. 3. No Reference Examples 1. When we went to the motor vehicle division to register our car, they kept us waiting for nearly an hour. Correction: When we went to the motor vehicle division to register our car, the clerk kept us waiting for nearly an hour. 2. Elizabeth’s mother and father are both pilots; however, Elizabeth is not interested in it. Correction: Elizabeth’s mother and father are both pilots; however, Elizabeth is not interested in flying. 3. It says in the recipe that one must use butter, not margarine. Correction: According to the recipe, one must use butter, not margarine. 4. We prefer the kind of gas stations where hot food is sold. Correction: We prefer the kind of gas stations where they sell hot food. 5, Tammy applied for a scholarship, but her advisor told her that her parents make too much money. Correction: Tammy applied for a scholarship, but they told her that her parents made too much money. How to cite Sentence Coherence, Papers

Financial Statements and Positive Accounting Theory

Question: Discuss about the Financial Statements and Positive Accounting Theory. Answer: Introduction Positive accounting research is a type of research that aims at shifting of the normal paradigm of dogmatic thinking. The critique aims to identify whether positive accounting research is the real thing and if so what can be done to improve it (Mouck, 1990). Watts and Zimmerman advocated the positive accounting research theory in 1978.The positive theory uses the technique of observation to base its argument as opposed to the normative theory that applies formulas. Positive accounting focuses on the actual real world transactions as well as events and tries to examine and understand how the events are accounted (Staff, 2016). The examination of the accounting methods reveal the economic consequences that might arise from using such accounting decisions, to determine measures for accounting future events. On the other hand, normative theory relies on deductions based on formulas that have been in existence. For this, reason the paper compares the old paradigm to several believes that hindered the discovery of new knowledge. On this paper, the report structure will be applied, as it is more understandable (Mehta, 2016). Is the positive accounting research approach the best? Is the research having obstacles in its adoption in various fields? What are some of the shortcomings experienced during its application? What are some of the improvement needed to perfect the positive accounting research? On the introduction part, the author highlights that the review of the theory is to expose the serious deficiencies in a way in which performance of positive accounting research practice takes place leading to the non-meaningful contribution to the wider project. The author has gone ahead to elaborate on the hypothesis by examining some recent papers. The first paper, the scientists research project, focuses on how individuals hold beliefs so close that they rarely acknowledge new ways and findings. The author continues to acknowledge the perception of sophists views urging that in order to incorporate positive accounting research, one should stop believing in normative accounting theory. This shows that the author tries to identify preconceived beliefs as one of the obstacles facing the adoption of positive accounting theory (Watts Zimmerman, 1986). The second paper, examples of positive research in accounting, the author portrays the broadness of positive accounting research and even highlight examples that are included in that type of research. Some of the examples include how managers perform evaluation systems with discretion, the different ways of presentation of accounts information affect the users ability to absorb and finally how audit experts make their judgment. The paper shows that while using the positive accounting approach there is a shortcoming as the broadness of the concept has various areas that may lead to misinterpretation (Wolk, 2009). The third paper, scientific ontology and epistemology, highlights that not all researches are positive accounting research, there is also interpretive research, which mainly answers the open-ended questions. This paper shows that the positive accounting research cannot work on its own and requires support from other research methods. To conduct a successful positive accounting research the author has highlighted three requirements as follows; the use variable models that are stringently tested the application of an analytic modeling and a shift of focus on measurement rather than testing. All the research questions formulated above lead to the issue addressed in the paper with most of them stemming from the literature review (Staff, 2016). Theoretical framework The author of the paper has adequately included materials from other sources in the way of reviewing them; disciplined framework mainly incorporates the work of others in a paper in order to lead the research in a way that it seeks to come up with a much better findings than previous researches. The frame on this paper is elaborating on why positive accounting research fails to capture the attention of its users. Moreover, the author addresses the broadness of the theory as well as the inefficiencies brought about by the broadness (Milne, 2002). The author has also reviewed the concept of the disciplinary matrix by (Kuhn, 1970) that suggests that positive research is a paradigm applied to solving accepted puzzles in social groups, regardless the social or intellectual reward that comes about from solving such a puzzle. The author goes ahead to cite ( Lee , 1997) who talks about the self-replicating elite and how there is no hope of the adoption of the new effective paradigm. This ded ucts the hypothesis of what is hindering the adoption of positive accounting research. To emphasize on this point the author has cited the well-known story of (Hannam, 2009). Hannam wrote about the theologians that refused to look through Galileos telescope as they thought it would show what is already known from the church doctrine or show something contrary to the teachings, as it had been corrupt by the devil. The papers theoretical framework has given the hypothesis concerning the positive accounting research, elaborated on the hypotheses and provided falsification and hypothesis testing. Moreover, the paper has addressed the requirements for a positive research program to ensure a successful positive accounting research process. (Hannam, 2009) Goes ahead to evaluate the hypothesis through various ways such as; Proper criterion To gather, reliable data a researcher should observe carefully and develop preliminary ideas. The idea will lead to the development of the formal theory that is in line with predictions that rely on the current empirical evidence. The predictions are then tested against new observations in cases where new and old theories conflict Falsification of the theory A theory may fail to answer the question, as other factors might be involved in the situation. The author cites the spacecraft lower speed that might be attributed to a gas leak, measurement error, outside forces pulling spacecraft or the whole theory might relatively be wrong. Qualitative positive research The aim of the qualitative positive research is to gather data to help in the preliminary understanding of the situation and what kind of questions should be developed. The logic and weakness of statistical hypothesis In general, there is a technical difficulty with the testing of hypothesis. The distribution of test statistics subjects to null hypothesis as it depends on auxiliary options. The effect of positive research program The author writes that hypothesis testing as commonly applied in positive accounting research provide weak evidence in support of the particular alternative hypothesis. Due to this, the writer suggests that much of what is claimed to be established might not be true. Regardless of all these shortcomings, the author has acknowledged that positive accounting research contributes to a wider scientific endeavor aiming to understand the human behavior and the complex setting of organizations in which decisions are highly dependent on specialized information as well as the control systems. Finally, in the conclusion part suggested the various ways in which the research requires adjustments for further improvement of results. The author ensures that all the suggestions are set at the end of the document to clearly help the readers understand the information on the paper before the final solution is presented. Significance and limitations of the article The paper written on positive accounting research is one of the papers whos information ought not to be kept on shelves to collect dust, but rather be keenly addressed as it has unearthed the dogmas that human beings seem to perceive hence limiting change. The theory purported by the paper is far much better as it involves observation of the real world, compared to the normative accounting that bases its findings on set policies (Melis, 2007). The timing of the paper is at its best, as most of the researchers need to incorporate various new ways of researching to come up with conclusive deductions, not as before where researches limited their areas of implementation like the sophist who were ignorant and the information they knew they kept it to themselves. On the other hand, positive accounting research has quit a number of limitations that make it less effective during its application. Some of the limitations include the broad concept that the specific theory e.g. how auditors make decisions, how they determine the fee and how managers justify their decisions. Another limitation is the fact that positive research on its own cannot deliver conclusive results and therefore require support from interpretive research to answer the open-end questions. The articles theoretical model so far it is not the best, and there is the need for a model that is highly specified (Kaplan Ruland, 1991). Conclusion The author has adequately criticized the positive research and highlighted all the various areas that the research fails to address Furthermore he has portrayed the dogmas exhibited by humans in the adoption of new ways. According to the author, positive accounting research is the much superior research compared to normative accounting research. Though positive research has not been widely embraced, there is still hope. To catalyze the adoption of this kind of a research, there is the need for few adjustments that will enable the research to be efficient. Some of the adjustments include; There is a need to provide better measurement methods to test the theoretical framework. This is because most researchers are mainly focused on other parameters and simply reduce the framework testing into mere statements. There ought to be a Shift of focus away from testing of the hypothesis and towards the estimation of parameters. For this reason, concepts require being operationalized with at most caution by use of proxies for other interesting concepts. Once a reliable way is established, it should be set as a benchmark for future researches and no need of coming up with new measurements for each study. Data archives of measurement to be provided for important concepts that have been made to test particular theories as well as contribute to the archive. The need for an archive is to ensure that careful measurements made by researchers get acknowledged as part of the discipline activity .These measurements prove worthy for future researches as well as b becomes a resource. Finally, there is a need for conducting numerous researches to validate the findings and hence come up with conclusive results. The replication of researches enables the validation of hypothesis testing hence confirming the accuracy of the measurement. Moreover, a test requires being carried out aiming to compare the theoretical framework against other studies to determine the reliability of the theoretical framework. References Avel, D. (2014). Positive accounting theory: theoretical and critical perspectives.International Journal of Critical Accounting, 6(4), p.396. BOLAND, L. and GORDON, I. (1992). Criticizing positive accounting theory.Contemporary Accounting Research, 9(1), pp.142-170. CHAMBERS, R. (1993). Positive Accounting Theory and the PA Cult.Abacus, 29(1), pp.1-26. Cheng, R. (1988).Toward a positive theory of state government accounting disclosure. 1st ed. [Philadelphia, Pa.]: [publisher not identified]. Collin, S., Tagesson, T., Andersson, A., Cato, J. and Hansson, K. (2009). Explaining the choice of accounting standards in municipal corporations: Positive accounting theory and institutional theory as competitive or concurrent theories.Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 20(2), pp.141-174. Deegan, C. (2009).Financial accounting theory. 1st ed. North Ryde, N.S.W.: McGraw-Hill. Dhaliwal, D. and Schepanski, A. (1984). On the use of positive economic theory to explain the choice of accounting methods to financial accounting students.Journal of Accounting Education, 2(2), pp.89-96. Dye, R. and Sridhar, S. (2008). A positive theory of flexibility in accounting standards.Journal of Accounting and Economics, 46(2-3), pp.312-333. Kaplan, S. and Ruland, R. (1991). Positive theory, rationality and accounting regulation.Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 2(4), pp.361-374. Melis, A. (2007). Financial Statements and Positive Accounting Theory: The Early Contribution of Aldo Amaduzzi.Accounting, Business Financial History, 17(1), pp.53-62. Milne, M. (2002). Positive accounting theory, political costs And social disclosure analyses: a critical look.Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 13(3), pp.369-395. Mouck, T. (1990). Positive Accounting Theory as a Lakatosian Research Programme.Accounting and Business Research, 20(79), pp.231-239. Ram Sharan Mehta, P. (2016).Conceptual and theoretical framework. [online] Slideshare.net. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/rsmehta/conceptual-and-theoretical-framework [Accessed 16 Dec. 2016]. Richardson, G. and O'Malley, P. (1995).Ethics and positive accounting theory. 1st ed. Waterloo, ON: Centre for Accounting Ethics, School of Accountancy, University of Waterloo. Thornton, J. (2003). User Primacy, Positive Accounting Theory, and Nonaudit Services: Evidence from the SEC's Independence Hearings.Accounting and the Public Interest, 3(1), pp.36-57. Watts, R. and Zimmerman, J. (1986).Positive accounting theory. 1st ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. Staff, M. (2016).What Are the Differences Between Positive and Normative Accounting? -- The Motley Fool. [online] The Motley Fool. Available at: https://www.fool.com/knowledge-center/differences-between-positive-normative-accounting.aspx [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016].